KNOWLEDGE, ATTITUDES AND COVID-19-RELATED BEHAVIOR AMONG INDIVIDUALS AGED 50 AND OLDER IN LATVIA
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.17770/sie2021vol4.6462Keywords:
Attitudes, COVID-19, Grounded Theory Approach, health literacy, health-protective behavior, knowledgeAbstract
The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) was declared a pandemic by the WHO on March 11, 2020, due to its high infection rate, which caused thousands of deaths worldwide and expanding. The evolving outbreak of COVID-19 requires health-protective behavior that can alleviate the severity of an epidemic. Therefore, recognizing the underlying drivers of health-protective behavior against COVID-19 is urgently needed to form policy responses. The purpose of this study was to investigate the individual-level underlying drivers affecting the formation of knowledge, attitudes, and COVID-19-related health-protective behavior among individuals aged 50 and older who are more vulnerable to complications of infection because of their age. The factors making individuals more vulnerable are also associated with the ability to access and understand information, make well-informed decisions, and take health-protective and promoting actions, especially when information itself is not timely, trusted, consistent, or actionable. The researchers used data from a representative population sample consisting of 50-80-year-old individuals, obtained from in-depth, semi-structured telephone interviews during July – August 2020, between the first and second waves of COVID-19. For conducting qualitative data analyses, the Grounded Theory (GT) approach for developing code structure was used.
References
Abdel-Latif, M. M. M. (2020). The enigma of health literacy and COVID-19 pandemic. Public Health, 185, 95-96. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.puhe.2020.06.030
Abel, T., & McQueen, D. (2020). Critical health literacy in pandemics: the special case of COVID-19. Health Promotion International. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1093/heapro/daaa141
Bish, A., & Michie, S. (2010). Demographic and attitudinal determinants of protective behaviours during a pandemic: A review. British Journal of Health Psychology, 15(4), 797–824. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1348/135910710X485826
Brewer, N. T., Chapman, G. B., Gibbons, F. X., Gerrard, M., McCaul, K. D., & Weinstein, N. D. (2007). Meta-analysis of the relationship between risk perception and health behavior: The example of vaccination. Health Psychology, 26(2), 136–145. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1037/0278-6133.26.2.136
Chamberlain-Salaun, J., Mills, J., & Usher, K. (2013). Linking symbolic interactionism and grounded theory methods in a research design: from Corbin and Strauss’ assumptions to action. SAGE Open. https://doi.org/10.1177/2158244013505757
Charmaz, K. (2006). Constructing grounded theory: a practical guide through qualitative analysis. Thousand Oaks, CA: SAGE. Retrieved from https://books.google.lv/books?hl=lv&lr=&id=2ThdBAAAQBAJ&oi=fnd&pg=PP1&ots=f_jV7HlBxU&sig=RLKSpitGFBwxu8lLsEamuESYexI&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q&f=false
Chavarría, E., Diba, F., Marcus Marthoenis, M. E., Reuter A., Rogge, L., & Vollmer, S. (2020). Knowing versus doing: Protective health behavior against COVID-19 in Indonesia. Georg-August Universität Göttingen, Courant Research Centre - Poverty, Equity and Growth (CRC-PEG),
Göttingen Discussion Papers. (n.d.). No. 273, Datafile. Retrieved from https://www.econstor.eu/bitstream/10419/219320/1/1700639986.pdf
Corbin, J. M., & Strauss, A. L. (2008). Basics of qualitative research: techniques and procedures for developing grounded theory. 3rd ed. Thousand Oaks, CA: SAGE. Retrieved from https://books.google.lv/books?hl=lv&lr=&id=hZ6kBQAAQBAJ&oi=fnd&pg=PP1&ots=6jL8Mu9EV-&sig=o9DXF_y7FuH5vyNDG6vhKq9YVY&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q&f=false
Dupas, P. (2011). Health Behavior in Developing Countries. Annual Review of Economics, 3, 425–449. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-economics-111809-125029
Fairchild, A.L., Bayer R., Green, S.H., Colgrove J., Kilgore E., Sweeney M., & Varma, J.K. (2018). The Two Faces of Fear: A History of Hard-Hitting Public Health Campaigns Against Tobacco and AIDS. American Journal of Public Health, 108, 1180-1186. DOI: https://doi.org/10.2105/AJPH.2018.304516
Ornell, F., Schuch, J.B., Sordi, A. O., & Kessler, F. H. P. (2020). “Pandemic fear”and COVID-19: mental health burden and strategies. Brazilian Journal of Psychiatry, 42(3). DOI: https://doi.org/10.1590/1516-4446-2020-0008
Paakkari, L., & Okan, O. (2020). COVID-19: health literacy is an underestimated problem. The Lancet Public Health, 5(5), 249-250. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/S2468-2667(20)30086-4
Pampel, F. C., Krueger, P.M., & Denney, J.T. (2010). Socioeconomic Disparities in Health Behaviors. Annual Review of Sociology, 36, 349-370. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.soc.012809.102529
Person, B., Sy, F., Holton, K., Govert, B., Liang, A., Garza, B., & Zauderer, L. (2004). Fear and Stigma: The Epidemic within the SARS Outbreak. Emerging Infectious Diseases, 10(2), 358-363. DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.3201/eid1002.030750
Riva, M., Benedetti, M., & Cesana, G. (2014). Pandemic Fear and Literature: Observations from Jack London’s The Scarlet Plague. Emerging Infectious Diseases, 20(10), 1753-1757. DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.3201/eid2010.130278
Savadori, L., & Lauriola, M. (2021). Risk Perception and Protective Behaviors During the Rise of the COVID-19 Outbreak in Italy. Frontiers in Psychology. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2020.577331
Simpson, J. K. (2017). Appeal to fear in health care: appropriate or inappropriate? Chiropractic & Manual Therapies, 25(27). DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/s12998-017-0157-8
Sorensen, K., Pelikan J. M., Röthlin F., Ganahl k., Slonska Z., Doyle G., Fullam J., Kondilis B., Agrafiotis D., Uiters E., Falcon M., Mensing M., Tchamov K., van den Broucke, S., & Brand, H. (2015). Health literacy in Europe: comparative results of the European health literacy survey (HLS-EU). European Journal of Public Health, 25(6), 1053–1058. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1093/eurpub/ckv043
Sorensen, K., Van den Broucke, S., Fullam, J., Doyle, G., Pelikan, J., Slonska, Z., & Brand, H. (2012). Health literacy and public health: A systematic review and integration of definitions and models. BMC Public Health, 12(80). DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2458-12-80
Tognotti, E. (2013). Lessons from the History of Quarantine, from Plague to Influenza A. Emerging Infectious Diseases, 19(2), 254-259. DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.3201/eid1902.120312
Zarocostas, J. (2020). How to fight an infodemic. The Lancet Public Health. World report, 395(10225), 676. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30461-X
Zwart, O., Veldhuijzen, I.K., Elam, G., Aro, A.R., Abraham T., Bishop, G. D., Voeten, H. A. C. M., Richardus, J.H., & Brug, J. (2009). Perceived Threat, Risk Perception, and Efficacy Beliefs Related to SARS and Other (Emerging) Infectious Diseases: Results of an International Survey. International Journal of Behavior Medicine, 16, 30–40. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12529-008-9008-2
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
How to Cite
