GENDER STEREOTYPES IN THE 5TH GRADE MATHEMATICS TEACHING MATERIALS
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.17770/sie2020vol3.4874Keywords:
gender equality, gender stereotypes, mathematics teaching materialsAbstract
Gender equality remains one of the most relevant and therefore most often discussed research subjects. Women's rights and opportunities for self-realization have expanded significantly in recent decades; however, gender discrimination is still encountered in nowadays culture. Various studies show stereotype threat as being one of the undeniable factors for shaping stereotype-based worldview. It is proven that any representation of gender in purely traditional roles not only shapes students’ understanding of abilities and interests of their gender but also has a negative impact on tests' results of a negatively stereotyped group. The object of this study is to evaluate the content of mathematics teaching material used in Lithuanian high schools, and the aim is to investigate the manifestations of stereotyping threats in educational books with qualitative content analysis using an author’s evaluation matrix. The article presents results that reflect stereotype threat in mathematics teaching materials for Lithuanian fifth grade students.
Downloads
References
Ališauskas, A., Janušaitienė, O., Arefjeva, M., & Daukšytė-Koncevičienė, L. (2016a). Serija "Atrask" MATEMATIKA Vadovėlis V klasei 1 dalis. Kaunas: Šviesa.
Ališauskas, A., Janušaitienė, O., Arefjeva, M., & Daukšytė-Koncevičienė, L. (2016b). Serija "Atrask" MATEMATIKA Vadovėlis V klasei 2 dalis. Kaunas: Šviesa.
Bauer, P.J., & Coyne, M.J. (1997). When the name says it all: preschoolers’ recognition and use of the gendered nature of common proper names. Social Development, 6(3), 271-291. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9507.1997.tb00106.x
Borkevičius, A. (1997). Matematikos testai 5 klasei. Vilnius: Margi Raštai.
Butkevičienė, R., Knyvienė, J., Sičiūnienė, V., Stričkienė, M., Stundžienė, Ž., & Vanagas, V. (2005a). Matematika Tau 5 klasei I dalis. Vilnius: TEV.
Butkevičienė, R., Knyvienė, J., Sičiūnienė, V., Stričkienė, M., Stundžienė, Ž., & Vanagas, V. (2005b). Matematika Tau 5 klasei II dalis. Vilnius: TEV.
Butkevičienė, R., Stundžienė, Ž., & Vanagas V. (2011). Matematika Tau 5 klasei. Uždavinynas. Vilnius: TEV.
Casad, B.J., Hale, P., & Wachs, F.L. (2017). Stereotype threat among girls: differences by gender identity and math education context. Psychology of Women Quarterly, 41(4), 513-529. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/0361684317711412
Cavanagh, S. (2008). Stereotype of mathematical inferiority still plagues girls. Education Week, 28(1), 9.
Cibulskaitė, N. (2005). Matematika XXI a. Vadovėlis 5 klasei. II dalis. Vilnius: Kronta.
Directorate-General for Justice and Consumers (European Commission). (2018). Gender equality 2017. DOI: https://doi.org/10.2838/431877
European Institute for Gender Equality. (2019). Gender equality index. Retrieved from https://eige.europa.eu/gender-equality-index/2019/LT
European Parliament. (2015). The EU Strategy for equality between women and men post 2015. Retrieved from http://www.europarl.europa.eu/doceo/document/TA-8-2015-0218_EN.pdf
Gender Equality Commission (Council of Europe). (2014). Combating gender stereotypes in and through education. Report of the 2nd Conference of Europe National Focal Points on Gender Equality. Retrieved from: https://rm.coe.int/CoERMPublicCommonSearchServices/DisplayDCTMContent?documentId=0900001680590ff0
Kachel, S., Steffens, M.C., & Niedlich, C. (2016). Traditional masculinity and femininity: validation of a new scale assessing gender roles. Front Psychol, 7, 1-19. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2016.00956
Perrone, K.M., Wright, S.L., & Jackson, Z.V. (2009). Traditional and nontraditional gender roles and work-family interface for men and women. Journal of Career Development, 36 (1), 8-24. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/0894845308327736
Schmader, T. (2002). Gender identification moderates stereotype threat effects on women’s math performance. Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, 38, 194-201.
Shaffer, E.S., Marx, D.M., & Prislin, R. (2012). Mind the gap: framing of women’s success and representation in STEM affects women’s math performance under threat. Sex Roles, 68, 454-463. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11199-012-0252-1
Sičiūnienė, V. (2018). Matematikos uždavinynas 5-6 klasei. Kaunas: Šviesa.
Sičiūnienė, V., Gecevičiūtė, I., Radavičienė, R., & Rudienė, A. (2008a). Formulė. Matematikos vadovėlis V klasei. Pirmoji knyga. Kaunas: Šviesa.
Sičiūnienė, V., Gecevičiūtė, I., Radavičienė, R., & Rudienė A. (2008b). Formulė. Matematikos vadovėlis V klasei. Antroji knyga. Kaunas: Šviesa.
Spencer, S.J., Steele, C.M., & Quinn, D.M. (1999). Stereotype threat and women’s math performance. Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, 35, 4-28.
Statistics Lithuania. (2018). Retrieved from Official Statistics Portal website https://osp.stat.gov.lt/statistiniu-rodikliu-analize?theme=all#/
Steele, C.M., & Aronson J. (1995). Stereotype threat and the intellectual test performance of African Americans. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 69 (5), 797-811.
United Nations Population Fund. (2005). Frequently asked questions about gender equality. Retrieved from https://www.unfpa.org/resources/frequently-asked-questions-about-gender-equality
Van Loo, K.J., & Rydell, R.J. (2013). On the experience of feeling powerful: perceived power moderates the effect of stereotype threat on women’s math performance. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 39(3), 387-400. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/0146167212475320
Žukauskienė, R. (2002). Raidos psichologija. Vilnius: Margi raštai.