ASSESSMENT OF TAXATION AS A FISCAL POLICY INSTRUMENT
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.17770/sie2017vol4.2347Keywords:
capital taxes, consumption taxes, finance policy, labour taxes, tax burden, tax policy, tax systemAbstract
Taxation is one of the instruments the government can actively use to have an effect on the ongoing economic processes, directing their development into the preferred route. Economic development in the world and Europe, as well as domestic issues and the accession to the community of OECD member states have created new challenges for Latvia’s development and for improvement of the national tax policy and the tax system. Latvia’s fiscal policy is not sustainable, because every year is being adjusted, thus causing dissatisfaction of society and slowing down the country's economic development in general. Aim of the research is to evalute theoretical aspects and practical application of possibilities to use the taxation as a fiscal policy instrument in order to stabilise Latvia’s national economy. Based on the experience of different countries and scientific research, the theoretical findings on the application of taxes as a fiscal policy instrument were explored, and the essential measures to be implemented in order to make Latvia’s tax system more sustainable and to reduce social inequalities, as well as to advance the economic growth were identified. The monographic method, logical constructive method, method of analysis, opinion and concept comparison method, as well as statistical data comparison were used in the research.Downloads
References
Alesina,A. & Ardagna, S. (2010) Large Changes in Fiscal Policy: Taxes Versus Spending. Tax policy and the Economy, 24(1), 35-68.
Begg, D., Fischer, S. & Dornbusch, R. (2005) Economics. 8th edition. London: McGraw-Hill.
Dārziņa, L. (2016) Nodokļu reformai pirmie priekšlikumi. Tiešsasiste: http://www.lv portals.lv/visi/likumi-prakse/284059-nodoklu-reformai-pirmie-priekslikumi/
Eglīte, S. (2006) Fiskālās un monetārās politikas piemērošana Latvijas ekonomikas attīstībā. Rīga: LU.
EU Taxation and Customs Union (2016) Taxation Trends in the European Union, 2016. Luxembourg: Publications Office of the European Union.
Eurostat (2016) Total tax revenue by country, 1995-2015 (% of GDP). Retraived from http://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/statistics-explained/index.php
Frankel, J.A., Vegh, C.A., Vuletin, G. (2013). On graduation from fiscal procyclicality. Journal of Development Economics, 100(1), 32-47.
Frecknall-Hughes, J. (2015) The Theory, Principles anad Management of Taxation. New York: Routledge.
Investopedia (2016) Budget Surplus. Retraived from http://www.investopedia.com/ terms/b/budget-surplus.asp
James,S. (2012) A Dictionary of taxation, 2nd. Cheltenham, UK: Edward Elgar.
Kalniņš, G. (2012) Fiskālās politikas skola jeb – Vai ir dzīve pēc konsolidācijas? Rīga: Latvijas Banka.
Kavale, L. & Zubule, E. (2016) Fiscal Policy in Latvia: Risks and Challenges. International Conference “New Challenges of Economic and Business Development – 2016: Society, Innovations and Collaborative Economy” proceedings, 12–14. Riga: University of Latvia.
Kavale, L. (2011) Valsts fiskālās politikas veidošana ekonomikas ilgtspējīgai attīstībai. Latgale National Economy research, 1(3), 117.- 133.
Kavale, L. (2014). Tax policy in the conditions of changing economy: new challenges after crisis, pp.637 – 647. Retrieved from http://msed.vse.cz/msed_2014/article/311-Kavale-Lcija-paper.pdf
Lierse, H. (2012). European taxation during the crisis: does politics matter? Journal of Public Policy , 32.3, 207-230.
LR Ekonomikas ministrija (2016) Ziņojums par Latvijas tautsaimniecības attīstību, 2016.gada jūnijs. Rīga: LR Ekonomikas ministrija.
LR Finanšu ministrija (2011) Likumprojekta „Fiskālās disciplīnas likums” sākotnējās ietekmes novērtējuma ziņojums (anotācija).
LR Finanšu ministrija (2016) Latvijas stabilitātes programma 2016-2019.
LR Finanšu ministrija (2016) Likumprojekta "Par valsts budžetu 2017.gadam" paskaidrojumi. 3. nodaļa Ieņēmumu analīze.
OECD (2015) OECD Economic Surveys: Latvia 2015. Paris: OECD Publishing.
Rubin, I.S. (ed.) (2015) Public Budgeting: Policy, Process and Politics. An ASPA Classics Volume. New York: Routledge.
Shuster, R. (ed.) (2017) International Tax Competitiveness Index 2016. Washingtion: Tax Foundation.
Tanzi, V. & Zee, H.H. (2000) Tax Policy for Emerging Markets: Developing Countries. Natioanal Tax Journal, 53 (2) 299-322.
Tat-Kei Ho, A.& Niu, M. (2013). Rising with the tide without flipping the boat analyzing the successes and challenges of fiscal building in China. Public Administration and Development, 29-49.
Vanags, A. (2010) Tax reform in Latvia: could it be fair? No.8 Riga: BICEPS.
Vasiliauskaite, A., Stankevicius, E. (2009) Tax Burden Management and GDP Growth: Case of EU Countries. Economics & Management, 14, 202-209.
Walsh, K. (2012). Understanding Taxpayer Behavior - New Opportunities for Tax Administration. The Economic and Social Review, 43 (3), 451–475.
World Bank (2016) Doing Business 2017. Equal Opportunity for All. Washington: World Bank.
Zai, P. (2012) The economic crisis and fiscal trends in EU member states. Transilvanian Review of Administrative Sciences , 35E, 256-268.
