MANAGEMENT OF AND POTENTIAL RETURN ON PRIVATE INVESTMENTS IN LATVIAN SPORTS
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.17770/sie2017vol3.2322Keywords:
efficient investment management, high-class sports, investment criteria, Latvian sports, private investments, sports development, sports funding, sports system massAbstract
Latvian sports authorities under the Ministry of Education and Science are the main organisers of the sports life in Latvia. However, they have not been successful in providing equally good support to all athletes who need it. It is especially difficult to receive support for improving skills of individual athletes engaged in team sports. Often it is the individual mastery of an athlete that prohibits them from moving on to the adult level of sports of high achievement, even if the athlete was very talented and one of the best in the country, when he/she was young. The descriptive statistical method and content analysis were used to assess shortcomings in the allocation of finances in the Latvian sports industry. The study demonstrated that a successful process of private investments ensures a positive return on the investments, as well as the development of athletes. One way to build successful cooperation is by creating high-quality sports development centres or sports investment management companies, which will efficiently contribute to the athletes’ transition from youth to professional sports. The efficiency of the methodology developed can be demonstrated by creating a company, which would act as an example for attracting private investments in the development of athletes.Downloads
References
Assiante, C. (1998). Development of locomotor balance control in healthy children. Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews, 22(4), 527 – 532.
Black, K.M., McClure, P., & Polansky, M. (1996) The influence of different sitting positions on cervical and lumbar posture. Spine, 21(1), 65-70.
Cardon, G., De Clercq, D., De Bourdeaudhuij, I., & Breithecker, D. (2004). Sitting habits in elementary schoolchildren: a traditional versus a "Moving school". Patient Education and Counseling, 54(2), 133-142.
The Center of Disease Prevention and Control of Latvia (2013). Statistic data on children health in Latvia.
Cil, A., Yazici, M., Uzumcugil, A., Kandemir, U., Alanay,.A., Alanay, Y., Acaroglu, R.E., & Surat, A. (2005). The evolution of sagittal segmental alignment of the spine during childhood. Spine. 30(1), 93-100.
Dewar, R., Love, S., & Johnston, L.M. (2014). Exercise interventions improve postural control in children with cerebral palsy: a systematic review. Developmental Medicine & Children Neurology, 57(6), 504 -20.
Domagalska, M.E., Szopa, A.J., & Lembert, D.T. (2011) A descriptive analysis of abnormal postural patterns in children with hemiplegic cerebral palsy. Medical Science Monitor, 17(2), CR110–CR116.
Domagalska-Szopa, & M.E., Szopa, A.J. (2013). Body posture asymmetry differences between children with mild scoliosis and children with unilateral cerebral palsy. BioMed Research International, http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/462094
Geuze, R.H. (2003). Static balance and developmental coordination disorder. Human Movement Science, 22, 527 – 548.
Gheysen, F., Loots, G., & Van Waelveld, H. (2008). Motor development of deaf children with and without cochlear implants. Journal of Deaf Studies and Deaf Education, 13 (2), 215-224.
Hill, C. S., & Goldsmith J. (2010) Biomechanics and Prevention of Body Shape Distortion. Tizard Learning Disability Review, 15 (2), 15-29
Kendall, F. P. (1994). Muscles Testing and function. New - York : W&W. 451 p.
Kirshenbaum, N., Riach, C.L., & Starkes, J.L. (2001) Non-linear development of postural control and strategy use in young children: a longitudinal study. Experimental Brain Research, 140, 420–431.
Kohen – Raz, R. (1970). Developmental patterns of static balance ability and their relation to cognitive school readiness. Pediatrics, 46(2), 276 – 285.
Lafond, D., Descarreaux, M., Normand, M.C., & Harrison, D.E. (2007). Postural development in school children: a cross –sectional study. Chiropractoc & Osteopathy, 15(1), doi:10.1186/1746-1340-15-1
Mac-Thion, J.M., Berthonnaud. E., Dimar, J.R., Betz, R.R., & Labelle, H. (2004). Sagittal alignment of the spine and pelvis during growth. Spine, 29(15), 1642-1647.
Marshall, S.J., Gorely, T., & Biddle, S.J. (2006). A descriptive epidemiology of screen-based media use in youth: a review and critique. Journal of Adolescents. 29(3), 333-349.
McEvoy, M.P., & Grimmer, K., (2005). Reliability of upright posture measurements in primary school children. BMC Muskuloskeletal Disorders, 6(35) doi:10.1186/1471-2474-6-35.
Murphy, S., Buckle, P., & Stubbs, D. (2004) Classroom posture and selfreported back and neck pain in schoolchildren. Applied Ergonomics, 35(2), 113-120.
Pavao, S.L., Neves dos Santos, A., Woollacott, M.H., & Ferreira Rocha, N.A.C. (2013). ssessment of postural control in children with cerebral palsy: a review. Research in developmental disabilities, 34, 1367-1375.
Poblano, A., Ishiwara, K., de Lourdes Arias, M., Garcia – Pedroza, F., Marin, H., & Trujillo, M. (2002). Motor control alterations in posturography in learning- disabled children. Archives of Medical Research, 33(5), 485 – 488.
Poliszczuk, T., & Rutkowska, I. (2006). Comparative analysis of balance skills of blind girls and rhythmic gymnasts. In: Nowocień J. (ed.) Społeczno - edukacyjne oblicza olimpizmu AWF Warszawa, 157-163
Rain, S., & Twomey, L. (1994) Posture of the head, shoulder and thoracic spine in comfortable erect standing. Australian Journal of Physical Therapy, 40(1): 25-32.
Ray, C.T., Horvat, M.B., Croce, R.C., Mason, C.B., & Wolf, S.L. (2008). The impact of vision loss on postural stability and balance strategies in individuals with profound vision loss. Gait & Posture. 28, 58-61
Ribot – Cisacar, Trefouret, Aimonetti, Attarian, & Poget, J., Roll, J.P. (2004). Is muscle spindle proprioceptive function spared in mscular dystrophies? A muscle tendon vibration study. Muscle Nerve, 29(6), 861 – 866.
Sharon, L., Cushing, B.C., Rutka, J.A., James, A.L., & Gordon, K.A. (2008). Evidence of vestibular and balance dysfunction in children with profound sensorineural hearing loss using cochlear implants. Laryngoscope, 118, 1814–1823.
Shumway-Cook, A., & Woollacott, M.H. (2001) Motor control: theory and practical applications. Maryland USA: Lippincott Williams and Wilkins.
Shumway-Cook, A., & Woollacott, M.H. (1985) The growth of stability: postural control from a developmental perspective. Journal of Motor Behavior, 17(131-147).
Zwierzchowska, A., & Gawlik, K. (2007). Deaf children and adolescents and defective posture. New Medicine. 2 (37-9).
Woollacott, M.H. , & Shumway-Cook, A. (1990). Changes in posture control across the life span – a system approach. Physical Therapy, 70(12), 799- 807.
