ECOLOGICAL IMPACT OF BIODIESEL USE
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.17770/etr2005vol1.2129Keywords:
renewable energy, biodiesel, exhaust emissions, smoke, test benchAbstract
The paper presents a study of biodiesel application and its ecological impacts. Our study is based on the comparison of exhaust emission composition produced by the combustion of rapeseed oil methyl ester (RME) and conventional diesel fuel (DD) and its blends in a direct injection diesel engine XD2P (YTT). The engine was tested in biofuels laboratory of LUA Motor Vehicle Institute. Fueling the engine with biodiesel and biodiesel/diesel blend reduced oxides of nitrogen by 17.5% (100RME) and by 5.6% (35RME) and carbon monoxide by 49.8% (100RME) and by 45.3% (35RME). Fueling the engine with biodiesel and different biodiesel/diesel blends reduced the absorption coefficient by 33.9% (5RME), by 44.3% (20RME), by 48.3% (35RME) and by 51.2% (100RME) on free acceleration regime. In these tests soot reduced by 28...76.7% at full opened throttle position with 100RME.Downloads
References
Graboski, M.S., McCormik, L. (1998) Combustion of fat and vegeteble oil derived fuels in diesel engines. Prog. Energy Comb. Sci., vol. 24, pp. 125-164.
Gon zalez Gomez, M.E., Howard-Hildige, R., Leahy, J.J., O’Reilly, T., Supple, B., Malone, M. (2000) Emission and performance characteristics of a 2 litre Toyota diesel van operating on esterified waste cooking oil and mineral diesel fuel. Env. Mon. and Assesment 65; 2000, pp. 13-20.
Guibet, J. (1999) Fuels and engines: technology, energy, environment. Institut Francais du Petrol. Paris: Technip, Volume 2, France – 1999, pp. 786.
IARC, International Agency for Research on Cancer (1989). Evaluation of carcinogenic risks of chemicals to human: diesel and gasoline engine exhausts and some nitroarenes. IARC monographs, vol 46. Lyon, pp. 41-185.
Krahl, J., Bünger, J. & Munack, A. (1998) Biodiesel exhaust emissions and determination of their environmental and health effects. In Plant Oils as Fuels. Proc. Symp., 1997. Springer-Verlag, 1998, pp. 104-122.
Niehaus, R.A., Goering, C.A., Savage, L.D., Sorenson, S.C. (1985) Cracked soybean oil as a fuel for a diesel engine. ASAE Paper No.85-1560. ASAE, St. Joseph, MI.
Peterson, C.L., Reece, D.L., Hammond, B., Thompson, J.C., Beck, S. (1995) Commercialization of Idaho biodiesel (HySEE) from ethanol and waste vegetable oil. ASAE Paper No. 95-6738, MI: ASAE.
Reece, D.L., Peterson, C.L. (1993) A report on the Idaho on-road vehicle test with RME and neat rapeseed oil as an alternative to diesel fuel. ASE Paper No.93-5018. ASAE, St. Joseph, MI.
Sams, T. (1997) Exhaust components of biofuels under real world engine conditions. In proceedings of the Symphosium on Plant Oils as Fuels – Present State of Science and Future Developments, Potstdam, Germany, 16-19 February 1997, pp. 64-77.
Schäfer, A. (1996) Biodiesel as an alternative fuel for commercial vehicle engines. In 2nd European Motor Biofuels Forum, Graz, Austria, 1996, pp. 233-244.
Scholl, K.W., Sorenson, S.C. (1993) Combustion of a soybean oil methyl ester in a direct injection diesel engine. SAE paper No.930934. SAE, Warrendale, PA.
Williams, J.B. (2002) Production of biodiesel in Europe - the markets. Eur. J. Lipid. Sci. Technol., 2002, 104 (6), pp. 361-362.
Zhou, P.L., Fet, A.M., Michelsen, O., Fet, K. (2003) A feasibility study of the use of biodiesel in recreational boats in the United Kingdom. Proc. Instn. Mech. Engrs. Vol. 217, Part M: Engineering for Maritime Environment, 2003, pp. 148-159.
Грехов, Л.В., Иващенко, Н.А., Марков, В.А. (2004) Топливная аппаратура и системи управления дизелей: Учебник для вузов. – М.: Легион-Авто дата, 2004. – 344 с.
CSDD, Reģistrēto transportlīdzekļu sadalīju ms pēc degvielas veida uz 2005. gada 1. janvāri. URL: http://www.csdd.lv/?pageID=1098887752 (20.01.2005)
